CloneFunction.cpp

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//===- CloneFunction.cpp - Clone a function into another function ---------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file implements the CloneFunctionInto interface, which is used as the
// low-level function cloner.  This is used by the CloneFunction and function
// inliner to do the dirty work of copying the body of a function around.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
#include "llvm/ADT/SetVector.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/DomTreeUpdater.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/InstructionSimplify.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/LoopInfo.h"
#include "llvm/IR/CFG.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DebugInfo.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
#include "llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Metadata.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Cloning.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Local.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/ValueMapper.h"
#include <map>
using namespace llvm;
 
#define DEBUG_TYPE "clone-function"
 
/// See comments in Cloning.h.
BasicBlock *llvm::CloneBasicBlock(const BasicBlock *BB, ValueToValueMapTy &VMap,
                                  const Twine &NameSuffix, Function *F,
                                  ClonedCodeInfo *CodeInfo,
                                  DebugInfoFinder *DIFinder) {
  BasicBlock *NewBB = BasicBlock::Create(BB->getContext(), "", F);
  if (BB->hasName())
    NewBB->setName(BB->getName() + NameSuffix);
 
  bool hasCalls = false, hasDynamicAllocas = false;
  Module *TheModule = F ? F->getParent() : nullptr;
 
  // Loop over all instructions, and copy them over.
  for (const Instruction &I : *BB) {
    if (DIFinder && TheModule)
      DIFinder->processInstruction(*TheModule, I);
 
    Instruction *NewInst = I.clone();
    if (I.hasName())
      NewInst->setName(I.getName() + NameSuffix);
    NewBB->getInstList().push_back(NewInst);
    VMap[&I] = NewInst; // Add instruction map to value.
 
    hasCalls |= (isa<CallInst>(I) && !I.isDebugOrPseudoInst());
    if (const AllocaInst *AI = dyn_cast<AllocaInst>(&I)) {
      if (!AI->isStaticAlloca()) {
        hasDynamicAllocas = true;
      }
    }
  }
 
  if (CodeInfo) {
    CodeInfo->ContainsCalls |= hasCalls;
    CodeInfo->ContainsDynamicAllocas |= hasDynamicAllocas;
  }
  return NewBB;
}
 
// Clone OldFunc into NewFunc, transforming the old arguments into references to
// VMap values.
//
void llvm::CloneFunctionInto(Function *NewFunc, const Function *OldFunc,
                             ValueToValueMapTy &VMap,
                             CloneFunctionChangeType Changes,
                             SmallVectorImpl<ReturnInst *> &Returns,
                             const char *NameSuffix, ClonedCodeInfo *CodeInfo,
                             ValueMapTypeRemapper *TypeMapper,
                             ValueMaterializer *Materializer) {
  assert(NameSuffix && "NameSuffix cannot be null!");
 
#ifndef NDEBUG
  for (const Argument &I : OldFunc->args())
    assert(VMap.count(&I) && "No mapping from source argument specified!");
#endif
 
  bool ModuleLevelChanges = Changes > CloneFunctionChangeType::LocalChangesOnly;
 
  // Copy all attributes other than those stored in the AttributeList.  We need
  // to remap the parameter indices of the AttributeList.
  AttributeList NewAttrs = NewFunc->getAttributes();
  NewFunc->copyAttributesFrom(OldFunc);
  NewFunc->setAttributes(NewAttrs);
 
  // Fix up the personality function that got copied over.
  if (OldFunc->hasPersonalityFn())
    NewFunc->setPersonalityFn(
        MapValue(OldFunc->getPersonalityFn(), VMap,
                 ModuleLevelChanges ? RF_None : RF_NoModuleLevelChanges,
                 TypeMapper, Materializer));
 
  SmallVector<AttributeSet, 4> NewArgAttrs(NewFunc->arg_size());
  AttributeList OldAttrs = OldFunc->getAttributes();
 
  // Clone any argument attributes that are present in the VMap.
  for (const Argument &OldArg : OldFunc->args()) {
    if (Argument *NewArg = dyn_cast<Argument>(VMap[&OldArg])) {
      NewArgAttrs[NewArg->getArgNo()] =
          OldAttrs.getParamAttrs(OldArg.getArgNo());
    }
  }
 
  NewFunc->setAttributes(
      AttributeList::get(NewFunc->getContext(), OldAttrs.getFnAttrs(),
                         OldAttrs.getRetAttrs(), NewArgAttrs));
 
  // Everything else beyond this point deals with function instructions,
  // so if we are dealing with a function declaration, we're done.
  if (OldFunc->isDeclaration())
    return;
 
  // When we remap instructions within the same module, we want to avoid
  // duplicating inlined DISubprograms, so record all subprograms we find as we
  // duplicate instructions and then freeze them in the MD map. We also record
  // information about dbg.value and dbg.declare to avoid duplicating the
  // types.
  Optional<DebugInfoFinder> DIFinder;
 
  // Track the subprogram attachment that needs to be cloned to fine-tune the
  // mapping within the same module.
  DISubprogram *SPClonedWithinModule = nullptr;
  if (Changes < CloneFunctionChangeType::DifferentModule) {
    assert((NewFunc->getParent() == nullptr ||
            NewFunc->getParent() == OldFunc->getParent()) &&
           "Expected NewFunc to have the same parent, or no parent");
 
    // Need to find subprograms, types, and compile units.
    DIFinder.emplace();
 
    SPClonedWithinModule = OldFunc->getSubprogram();
    if (SPClonedWithinModule)
      DIFinder->processSubprogram(SPClonedWithinModule);
  } else {
    assert((NewFunc->getParent() == nullptr ||
            NewFunc->getParent() != OldFunc->getParent()) &&
           "Expected NewFunc to have different parents, or no parent");
 
    if (Changes == CloneFunctionChangeType::DifferentModule) {
      assert(NewFunc->getParent() &&
             "Need parent of new function to maintain debug info invariants");
 
      // Need to find all the compile units.
      DIFinder.emplace();
    }
  }
 
  // Loop over all of the basic blocks in the function, cloning them as
  // appropriate.  Note that we save BE this way in order to handle cloning of
  // recursive functions into themselves.
  for (const BasicBlock &BB : *OldFunc) {
 
    // Create a new basic block and copy instructions into it!
    BasicBlock *CBB = CloneBasicBlock(&BB, VMap, NameSuffix, NewFunc, CodeInfo,
                                      DIFinder ? &*DIFinder : nullptr);
 
    // Add basic block mapping.
    VMap[&BB] = CBB;
 
    // It is only legal to clone a function if a block address within that
    // function is never referenced outside of the function.  Given that, we
    // want to map block addresses from the old function to block addresses in
    // the clone. (This is different from the generic ValueMapper
    // implementation, which generates an invalid blockaddress when
    // cloning a function.)
    if (BB.hasAddressTaken()) {
      Constant *OldBBAddr = BlockAddress::get(const_cast<Function *>(OldFunc),
                                              const_cast<BasicBlock *>(&BB));
      VMap[OldBBAddr] = BlockAddress::get(NewFunc, CBB);
    }
 
    // Note return instructions for the caller.
    if (ReturnInst *RI = dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(CBB->getTerminator()))
      Returns.push_back(RI);
  }
 
  if (Changes < CloneFunctionChangeType::DifferentModule &&
      DIFinder->subprogram_count() > 0) {
    // Turn on module-level changes, since we need to clone (some of) the
    // debug info metadata.
    //
    // FIXME: Metadata effectively owned by a function should be made
    // local, and only that local metadata should be cloned.
    ModuleLevelChanges = true;
 
    auto mapToSelfIfNew = [&VMap](MDNode *N) {
      // Avoid clobbering an existing mapping.
      (void)VMap.MD().try_emplace(N, N);
    };
 
    // Avoid cloning types, compile units, and (other) subprograms.
    for (DISubprogram *ISP : DIFinder->subprograms())
      if (ISP != SPClonedWithinModule)
        mapToSelfIfNew(ISP);
 
    for (DICompileUnit *CU : DIFinder->compile_units())
      mapToSelfIfNew(CU);
 
    for (DIType *Type : DIFinder->types())
      mapToSelfIfNew(Type);
  } else {
    assert(!SPClonedWithinModule &&
           "Subprogram should be in DIFinder->subprogram_count()...");
  }
 
  const auto RemapFlag = ModuleLevelChanges ? RF_None : RF_NoModuleLevelChanges;
  // Duplicate the metadata that is attached to the cloned function.
  // Subprograms/CUs/types that were already mapped to themselves won't be
  // duplicated.
  SmallVector<std::pair<unsigned, MDNode *>, 1> MDs;
  OldFunc->getAllMetadata(MDs);
  for (auto MD : MDs) {
    NewFunc->addMetadata(MD.first, *MapMetadata(MD.second, VMap, RemapFlag,
                                                TypeMapper, Materializer));
  }
 
  // Loop over all of the instructions in the new function, fixing up operand
  // references as we go. This uses VMap to do all the hard work.
  for (Function::iterator
           BB = cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[&OldFunc->front()])->getIterator(),
           BE = NewFunc->end();
       BB != BE; ++BB)
    // Loop over all instructions, fixing each one as we find it...
    for (Instruction &II : *BB)
      RemapInstruction(&II, VMap, RemapFlag, TypeMapper, Materializer);
 
  // Only update !llvm.dbg.cu for DifferentModule (not CloneModule). In the
  // same module, the compile unit will already be listed (or not). When
  // cloning a module, CloneModule() will handle creating the named metadata.
  if (Changes != CloneFunctionChangeType::DifferentModule)
    return;
 
  // Update !llvm.dbg.cu with compile units added to the new module if this
  // function is being cloned in isolation.
  //
  // FIXME: This is making global / module-level changes, which doesn't seem
  // like the right encapsulation  Consider dropping the requirement to update
  // !llvm.dbg.cu (either obsoleting the node, or restricting it to
  // non-discardable compile units) instead of discovering compile units by
  // visiting the metadata attached to global values, which would allow this
  // code to be deleted. Alternatively, perhaps give responsibility for this
  // update to CloneFunctionInto's callers.
  auto *NewModule = NewFunc->getParent();
  auto *NMD = NewModule->getOrInsertNamedMetadata("llvm.dbg.cu");
  // Avoid multiple insertions of the same DICompileUnit to NMD.
  SmallPtrSet<const void *, 8> Visited;
  for (auto *Operand : NMD->operands())
    Visited.insert(Operand);
  for (auto *Unit : DIFinder->compile_units()) {
    MDNode *MappedUnit =
        MapMetadata(Unit, VMap, RF_None, TypeMapper, Materializer);
    if (Visited.insert(MappedUnit).second)
      NMD->addOperand(MappedUnit);
  }
}
 
/// Return a copy of the specified function and add it to that function's
/// module.  Also, any references specified in the VMap are changed to refer to
/// their mapped value instead of the original one.  If any of the arguments to
/// the function are in the VMap, the arguments are deleted from the resultant
/// function.  The VMap is updated to include mappings from all of the
/// instructions and basicblocks in the function from their old to new values.
///
Function *llvm::CloneFunction(Function *F, ValueToValueMapTy &VMap,
                              ClonedCodeInfo *CodeInfo) {
  std::vector<Type *> ArgTypes;
 
  // The user might be deleting arguments to the function by specifying them in
  // the VMap.  If so, we need to not add the arguments to the arg ty vector
  //
  for (const Argument &I : F->args())
    if (VMap.count(&I) == 0) // Haven't mapped the argument to anything yet?
      ArgTypes.push_back(I.getType());
 
  // Create a new function type...
  FunctionType *FTy =
      FunctionType::get(F->getFunctionType()->getReturnType(), ArgTypes,
                        F->getFunctionType()->isVarArg());
 
  // Create the new function...
  Function *NewF = Function::Create(FTy, F->getLinkage(), F->getAddressSpace(),
                                    F->getName(), F->getParent());
 
  // Loop over the arguments, copying the names of the mapped arguments over...
  Function::arg_iterator DestI = NewF->arg_begin();
  for (const Argument &I : F->args())
    if (VMap.count(&I) == 0) {     // Is this argument preserved?
      DestI->setName(I.getName()); // Copy the name over...
      VMap[&I] = &*DestI++;        // Add mapping to VMap
    }
 
  SmallVector<ReturnInst *, 8> Returns; // Ignore returns cloned.
  CloneFunctionInto(NewF, F, VMap, CloneFunctionChangeType::LocalChangesOnly,
                    Returns, "", CodeInfo);
 
  return NewF;
}
 
namespace {
/// This is a private class used to implement CloneAndPruneFunctionInto.
struct PruningFunctionCloner {
  Function *NewFunc;
  const Function *OldFunc;
  ValueToValueMapTy &VMap;
  bool ModuleLevelChanges;
  const char *NameSuffix;
  ClonedCodeInfo *CodeInfo;
  bool HostFuncIsStrictFP;
 
  Instruction *cloneInstruction(BasicBlock::const_iterator II);
 
public:
  PruningFunctionCloner(Function *newFunc, const Function *oldFunc,
                        ValueToValueMapTy &valueMap, bool moduleLevelChanges,
                        const char *nameSuffix, ClonedCodeInfo *codeInfo)
      : NewFunc(newFunc), OldFunc(oldFunc), VMap(valueMap),
        ModuleLevelChanges(moduleLevelChanges), NameSuffix(nameSuffix),
        CodeInfo(codeInfo) {
    HostFuncIsStrictFP =
        newFunc->getAttributes().hasFnAttr(Attribute::StrictFP);
  }
 
  /// The specified block is found to be reachable, clone it and
  /// anything that it can reach.
  void CloneBlock(const BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock::const_iterator StartingInst,
                  std::vector<const BasicBlock *> &ToClone);
};
} // namespace
 
static bool hasRoundingModeOperand(Intrinsic::ID CIID) {
  switch (CIID) {
#define INSTRUCTION(NAME, NARG, ROUND_MODE, INTRINSIC)                         \
  case Intrinsic::INTRINSIC:                                                   \
    return ROUND_MODE == 1;
#define FUNCTION INSTRUCTION
#include "llvm/IR/ConstrainedOps.def"
  default:
    llvm_unreachable("Unexpected constrained intrinsic id");
  }
}
 
Instruction *
PruningFunctionCloner::cloneInstruction(BasicBlock::const_iterator II) {
  const Instruction &OldInst = *II;
  Instruction *NewInst = nullptr;
  if (HostFuncIsStrictFP) {
    Intrinsic::ID CIID = getConstrainedIntrinsicID(OldInst);
    if (CIID != Intrinsic::not_intrinsic) {
      // Instead of cloning the instruction, a call to constrained intrinsic
      // should be created.
      // Assume the first arguments of constrained intrinsics are the same as
      // the operands of original instruction.
 
      // Determine overloaded types of the intrinsic.
      SmallVector<Type *, 2> TParams;
      SmallVector<Intrinsic::IITDescriptor, 8> Descriptor;
      getIntrinsicInfoTableEntries(CIID, Descriptor);
      for (unsigned I = 0, E = Descriptor.size(); I != E; ++I) {
        Intrinsic::IITDescriptor Operand = Descriptor[I];
        switch (Operand.Kind) {
        case Intrinsic::IITDescriptor::Argument:
          if (Operand.getArgumentKind() !=
              Intrinsic::IITDescriptor::AK_MatchType) {
            if (I == 0)
              TParams.push_back(OldInst.getType());
            else
              TParams.push_back(OldInst.getOperand(I - 1)->getType());
          }
          break;
        case Intrinsic::IITDescriptor::SameVecWidthArgument:
          ++I;
          break;
        default:
          break;
        }
      }
 
      // Create intrinsic call.
      LLVMContext &Ctx = NewFunc->getContext();
      Function *IFn =
          Intrinsic::getDeclaration(NewFunc->getParent(), CIID, TParams);
      SmallVector<Value *, 4> Args;
      unsigned NumOperands = OldInst.getNumOperands();
      if (isa<CallInst>(OldInst))
        --NumOperands;
      for (unsigned I = 0; I < NumOperands; ++I) {
        Value *Op = OldInst.getOperand(I);
        Args.push_back(Op);
      }
      if (const auto *CmpI = dyn_cast<FCmpInst>(&OldInst)) {
        FCmpInst::Predicate Pred = CmpI->getPredicate();
        StringRef PredName = FCmpInst::getPredicateName(Pred);
        Args.push_back(MetadataAsValue::get(Ctx, MDString::get(Ctx, PredName)));
      }
 
      // The last arguments of a constrained intrinsic are metadata that
      // represent rounding mode (absents in some intrinsics) and exception
      // behavior. The inlined function uses default settings.
      if (hasRoundingModeOperand(CIID))
        Args.push_back(
            MetadataAsValue::get(Ctx, MDString::get(Ctx, "round.tonearest")));
      Args.push_back(
          MetadataAsValue::get(Ctx, MDString::get(Ctx, "fpexcept.ignore")));
 
      NewInst = CallInst::Create(IFn, Args, OldInst.getName() + ".strict");
    }
  }
  if (!NewInst)
    NewInst = II->clone();
  return NewInst;
}
 
/// The specified block is found to be reachable, clone it and
/// anything that it can reach.
void PruningFunctionCloner::CloneBlock(
    const BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock::const_iterator StartingInst,
    std::vector<const BasicBlock *> &ToClone) {
  WeakTrackingVH &BBEntry = VMap[BB];
 
  // Have we already cloned this block?
  if (BBEntry)
    return;
 
  // Nope, clone it now.
  BasicBlock *NewBB;
  BBEntry = NewBB = BasicBlock::Create(BB->getContext());
  if (BB->hasName())
    NewBB->setName(BB->getName() + NameSuffix);
 
  // It is only legal to clone a function if a block address within that
  // function is never referenced outside of the function.  Given that, we
  // want to map block addresses from the old function to block addresses in
  // the clone. (This is different from the generic ValueMapper
  // implementation, which generates an invalid blockaddress when
  // cloning a function.)
  //
  // Note that we don't need to fix the mapping for unreachable blocks;
  // the default mapping there is safe.
  if (BB->hasAddressTaken()) {
    Constant *OldBBAddr = BlockAddress::get(const_cast<Function *>(OldFunc),
                                            const_cast<BasicBlock *>(BB));
    VMap[OldBBAddr] = BlockAddress::get(NewFunc, NewBB);
  }
 
  bool hasCalls = false, hasDynamicAllocas = false, hasStaticAllocas = false;
 
  // Loop over all instructions, and copy them over, DCE'ing as we go.  This
  // loop doesn't include the terminator.
  for (BasicBlock::const_iterator II = StartingInst, IE = --BB->end(); II != IE;
       ++II) {
 
    Instruction *NewInst = cloneInstruction(II);
 
    if (HostFuncIsStrictFP) {
      // All function calls in the inlined function must get 'strictfp'
      // attribute to prevent undesirable optimizations.
      if (auto *Call = dyn_cast<CallInst>(NewInst))
        Call->addFnAttr(Attribute::StrictFP);
    }
 
    // Eagerly remap operands to the newly cloned instruction, except for PHI
    // nodes for which we defer processing until we update the CFG.
    if (!isa<PHINode>(NewInst)) {
      RemapInstruction(NewInst, VMap,
                       ModuleLevelChanges ? RF_None : RF_NoModuleLevelChanges);
 
      // If we can simplify this instruction to some other value, simply add
      // a mapping to that value rather than inserting a new instruction into
      // the basic block.
      if (Value *V =
              simplifyInstruction(NewInst, BB->getModule()->getDataLayout())) {
        // On the off-chance that this simplifies to an instruction in the old
        // function, map it back into the new function.
        if (NewFunc != OldFunc)
          if (Value *MappedV = VMap.lookup(V))
            V = MappedV;
 
        if (!NewInst->mayHaveSideEffects()) {
          VMap[&*II] = V;
          NewInst->deleteValue();
          continue;
        }
      }
    }
 
    if (II->hasName())
      NewInst->setName(II->getName() + NameSuffix);
    VMap[&*II] = NewInst; // Add instruction map to value.
    NewBB->getInstList().push_back(NewInst);
    hasCalls |= (isa<CallInst>(II) && !II->isDebugOrPseudoInst());
 
    if (CodeInfo) {
      CodeInfo->OrigVMap[&*II] = NewInst;
      if (auto *CB = dyn_cast<CallBase>(&*II))
        if (CB->hasOperandBundles())
          CodeInfo->OperandBundleCallSites.push_back(NewInst);
    }
 
    if (const AllocaInst *AI = dyn_cast<AllocaInst>(II)) {
      if (isa<ConstantInt>(AI->getArraySize()))
        hasStaticAllocas = true;
      else
        hasDynamicAllocas = true;
    }
  }
 
  // Finally, clone over the terminator.
  const Instruction *OldTI = BB->getTerminator();
  bool TerminatorDone = false;
  if (const BranchInst *BI = dyn_cast<BranchInst>(OldTI)) {
    if (BI->isConditional()) {
      // If the condition was a known constant in the callee...
      ConstantInt *Cond = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(BI->getCondition());
      // Or is a known constant in the caller...
      if (!Cond) {
        Value *V = VMap.lookup(BI->getCondition());
        Cond = dyn_cast_or_null<ConstantInt>(V);
      }
 
      // Constant fold to uncond branch!
      if (Cond) {
        BasicBlock *Dest = BI->getSuccessor(!Cond->getZExtValue());
        VMap[OldTI] = BranchInst::Create(Dest, NewBB);
        ToClone.push_back(Dest);
        TerminatorDone = true;
      }
    }
  } else if (const SwitchInst *SI = dyn_cast<SwitchInst>(OldTI)) {
    // If switching on a value known constant in the caller.
    ConstantInt *Cond = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(SI->getCondition());
    if (!Cond) { // Or known constant after constant prop in the callee...
      Value *V = VMap.lookup(SI->getCondition());
      Cond = dyn_cast_or_null<ConstantInt>(V);
    }
    if (Cond) { // Constant fold to uncond branch!
      SwitchInst::ConstCaseHandle Case = *SI->findCaseValue(Cond);
      BasicBlock *Dest = const_cast<BasicBlock *>(Case.getCaseSuccessor());
      VMap[OldTI] = BranchInst::Create(Dest, NewBB);
      ToClone.push_back(Dest);
      TerminatorDone = true;
    }
  }
 
  if (!TerminatorDone) {
    Instruction *NewInst = OldTI->clone();
    if (OldTI->hasName())
      NewInst->setName(OldTI->getName() + NameSuffix);
    NewBB->getInstList().push_back(NewInst);
    VMap[OldTI] = NewInst; // Add instruction map to value.
 
    if (CodeInfo) {
      CodeInfo->OrigVMap[OldTI] = NewInst;
      if (auto *CB = dyn_cast<CallBase>(OldTI))
        if (CB->hasOperandBundles())
          CodeInfo->OperandBundleCallSites.push_back(NewInst);
    }
 
    // Recursively clone any reachable successor blocks.
    append_range(ToClone, successors(BB->getTerminator()));
  }
 
  if (CodeInfo) {
    CodeInfo->ContainsCalls |= hasCalls;
    CodeInfo->ContainsDynamicAllocas |= hasDynamicAllocas;
    CodeInfo->ContainsDynamicAllocas |=
        hasStaticAllocas && BB != &BB->getParent()->front();
  }
}
 
/// This works like CloneAndPruneFunctionInto, except that it does not clone the
/// entire function. Instead it starts at an instruction provided by the caller
/// and copies (and prunes) only the code reachable from that instruction.
void llvm::CloneAndPruneIntoFromInst(Function *NewFunc, const Function *OldFunc,
                                     const Instruction *StartingInst,
                                     ValueToValueMapTy &VMap,
                                     bool ModuleLevelChanges,
                                     SmallVectorImpl<ReturnInst *> &Returns,
                                     const char *NameSuffix,
                                     ClonedCodeInfo *CodeInfo) {
  assert(NameSuffix && "NameSuffix cannot be null!");
 
  ValueMapTypeRemapper *TypeMapper = nullptr;
  ValueMaterializer *Materializer = nullptr;
 
#ifndef NDEBUG
  // If the cloning starts at the beginning of the function, verify that
  // the function arguments are mapped.
  if (!StartingInst)
    for (const Argument &II : OldFunc->args())
      assert(VMap.count(&II) && "No mapping from source argument specified!");
#endif
 
  PruningFunctionCloner PFC(NewFunc, OldFunc, VMap, ModuleLevelChanges,
                            NameSuffix, CodeInfo);
  const BasicBlock *StartingBB;
  if (StartingInst)
    StartingBB = StartingInst->getParent();
  else {
    StartingBB = &OldFunc->getEntryBlock();
    StartingInst = &StartingBB->front();
  }
 
  // Clone the entry block, and anything recursively reachable from it.
  std::vector<const BasicBlock *> CloneWorklist;
  PFC.CloneBlock(StartingBB, StartingInst->getIterator(), CloneWorklist);
  while (!CloneWorklist.empty()) {
    const BasicBlock *BB = CloneWorklist.back();
    CloneWorklist.pop_back();
    PFC.CloneBlock(BB, BB->begin(), CloneWorklist);
  }
 
  // Loop over all of the basic blocks in the old function.  If the block was
  // reachable, we have cloned it and the old block is now in the value map:
  // insert it into the new function in the right order.  If not, ignore it.
  //
  // Defer PHI resolution until rest of function is resolved.
  SmallVector<const PHINode *, 16> PHIToResolve;
  for (const BasicBlock &BI : *OldFunc) {
    Value *V = VMap.lookup(&BI);
    BasicBlock *NewBB = cast_or_null<BasicBlock>(V);
    if (!NewBB)
      continue; // Dead block.
 
    // Add the new block to the new function.
    NewFunc->getBasicBlockList().push_back(NewBB);
 
    // Handle PHI nodes specially, as we have to remove references to dead
    // blocks.
    for (const PHINode &PN : BI.phis()) {
      // PHI nodes may have been remapped to non-PHI nodes by the caller or
      // during the cloning process.
      if (isa<PHINode>(VMap[&PN]))
        PHIToResolve.push_back(&PN);
      else
        break;
    }
 
    // Finally, remap the terminator instructions, as those can't be remapped
    // until all BBs are mapped.
    RemapInstruction(NewBB->getTerminator(), VMap,
                     ModuleLevelChanges ? RF_None : RF_NoModuleLevelChanges,
                     TypeMapper, Materializer);
  }
 
  // Defer PHI resolution until rest of function is resolved, PHI resolution
  // requires the CFG to be up-to-date.
  for (unsigned phino = 0, e = PHIToResolve.size(); phino != e;) {
    const PHINode *OPN = PHIToResolve[phino];
    unsigned NumPreds = OPN->getNumIncomingValues();
    const BasicBlock *OldBB = OPN->getParent();
    BasicBlock *NewBB = cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[OldBB]);
 
    // Map operands for blocks that are live and remove operands for blocks
    // that are dead.
    for (; phino != PHIToResolve.size() &&
           PHIToResolve[phino]->getParent() == OldBB;
         ++phino) {
      OPN = PHIToResolve[phino];
      PHINode *PN = cast<PHINode>(VMap[OPN]);
      for (unsigned pred = 0, e = NumPreds; pred != e; ++pred) {
        Value *V = VMap.lookup(PN->getIncomingBlock(pred));
        if (BasicBlock *MappedBlock = cast_or_null<BasicBlock>(V)) {
          Value *InVal =
              MapValue(PN->getIncomingValue(pred), VMap,
                       ModuleLevelChanges ? RF_None : RF_NoModuleLevelChanges);
          assert(InVal && "Unknown input value?");
          PN->setIncomingValue(pred, InVal);
          PN->setIncomingBlock(pred, MappedBlock);
        } else {
          PN->removeIncomingValue(pred, false);
          --pred; // Revisit the next entry.
          --e;
        }
      }
    }
 
    // The loop above has removed PHI entries for those blocks that are dead
    // and has updated others.  However, if a block is live (i.e. copied over)
    // but its terminator has been changed to not go to this block, then our
    // phi nodes will have invalid entries.  Update the PHI nodes in this
    // case.
    PHINode *PN = cast<PHINode>(NewBB->begin());
    NumPreds = pred_size(NewBB);
    if (NumPreds != PN->getNumIncomingValues()) {
      assert(NumPreds < PN->getNumIncomingValues());
      // Count how many times each predecessor comes to this block.
      std::map<BasicBlock *, unsigned> PredCount;
      for (BasicBlock *Pred : predecessors(NewBB))
        --PredCount[Pred];
 
      // Figure out how many entries to remove from each PHI.
      for (unsigned i = 0, e = PN->getNumIncomingValues(); i != e; ++i)
        ++PredCount[PN->getIncomingBlock(i)];
 
      // At this point, the excess predecessor entries are positive in the
      // map.  Loop over all of the PHIs and remove excess predecessor
      // entries.
      BasicBlock::iterator I = NewBB->begin();
      for (; (PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(I)); ++I) {
        for (const auto &PCI : PredCount) {
          BasicBlock *Pred = PCI.first;
          for (unsigned NumToRemove = PCI.second; NumToRemove; --NumToRemove)
            PN->removeIncomingValue(Pred, false);
        }
      }
    }
 
    // If the loops above have made these phi nodes have 0 or 1 operand,
    // replace them with undef or the input value.  We must do this for
    // correctness, because 0-operand phis are not valid.
    PN = cast<PHINode>(NewBB->begin());
    if (PN->getNumIncomingValues() == 0) {
      BasicBlock::iterator I = NewBB->begin();
      BasicBlock::const_iterator OldI = OldBB->begin();
      while ((PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(I++))) {
        Value *NV = UndefValue::get(PN->getType());
        PN->replaceAllUsesWith(NV);
        assert(VMap[&*OldI] == PN && "VMap mismatch");
        VMap[&*OldI] = NV;
        PN->eraseFromParent();
        ++OldI;
      }
    }
  }
 
  // Make a second pass over the PHINodes now that all of them have been
  // remapped into the new function, simplifying the PHINode and performing any
  // recursive simplifications exposed. This will transparently update the
  // WeakTrackingVH in the VMap. Notably, we rely on that so that if we coalesce
  // two PHINodes, the iteration over the old PHIs remains valid, and the
  // mapping will just map us to the new node (which may not even be a PHI
  // node).
  const DataLayout &DL = NewFunc->getParent()->getDataLayout();
  SmallSetVector<const Value *, 8> Worklist;
  for (unsigned Idx = 0, Size = PHIToResolve.size(); Idx != Size; ++Idx)
    if (isa<PHINode>(VMap[PHIToResolve[Idx]]))
      Worklist.insert(PHIToResolve[Idx]);
 
  // Note that we must test the size on each iteration, the worklist can grow.
  for (unsigned Idx = 0; Idx != Worklist.size(); ++Idx) {
    const Value *OrigV = Worklist[Idx];
    auto *I = dyn_cast_or_null<Instruction>(VMap.lookup(OrigV));
    if (!I)
      continue;
 
    // Skip over non-intrinsic callsites, we don't want to remove any nodes from
    // the CGSCC.
    CallBase *CB = dyn_cast<CallBase>(I);
    if (CB && CB->getCalledFunction() &&
        !CB->getCalledFunction()->isIntrinsic())
      continue;
 
    // See if this instruction simplifies.
    Value *SimpleV = simplifyInstruction(I, DL);
    if (!SimpleV)
      continue;
 
    // Stash away all the uses of the old instruction so we can check them for
    // recursive simplifications after a RAUW. This is cheaper than checking all
    // uses of To on the recursive step in most cases.
    for (const User *U : OrigV->users())
      Worklist.insert(cast<Instruction>(U));
 
    // Replace the instruction with its simplified value.
    I->replaceAllUsesWith(SimpleV);
 
    // If the original instruction had no side effects, remove it.
    if (isInstructionTriviallyDead(I))
      I->eraseFromParent();
    else
      VMap[OrigV] = I;
  }
 
  // Simplify conditional branches and switches with a constant operand. We try
  // to prune these out when cloning, but if the simplification required
  // looking through PHI nodes, those are only available after forming the full
  // basic block. That may leave some here, and we still want to prune the dead
  // code as early as possible.
  Function::iterator Begin = cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[StartingBB])->getIterator();
  for (BasicBlock &BB : make_range(Begin, NewFunc->end()))
    ConstantFoldTerminator(&BB);
 
  // Some blocks may have become unreachable as a result. Find and delete them.
  {
    SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 16> ReachableBlocks;
    SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 16> Worklist;
    Worklist.push_back(&*Begin);
    while (!Worklist.empty()) {
      BasicBlock *BB = Worklist.pop_back_val();
      if (ReachableBlocks.insert(BB).second)
        append_range(Worklist, successors(BB));
    }
 
    SmallVector<BasicBlock *, 16> UnreachableBlocks;
    for (BasicBlock &BB : make_range(Begin, NewFunc->end()))
      if (!ReachableBlocks.contains(&BB))
        UnreachableBlocks.push_back(&BB);
    DeleteDeadBlocks(UnreachableBlocks);
  }
 
  // Now that the inlined function body has been fully constructed, go through
  // and zap unconditional fall-through branches. This happens all the time when
  // specializing code: code specialization turns conditional branches into
  // uncond branches, and this code folds them.
  Function::iterator I = Begin;
  while (I != NewFunc->end()) {
    BranchInst *BI = dyn_cast<BranchInst>(I->getTerminator());
    if (!BI || BI->isConditional()) {
      ++I;
      continue;
    }
 
    BasicBlock *Dest = BI->getSuccessor(0);
    if (!Dest->getSinglePredecessor()) {
      ++I;
      continue;
    }
 
    // We shouldn't be able to get single-entry PHI nodes here, as instsimplify
    // above should have zapped all of them..
    assert(!isa<PHINode>(Dest->begin()));
 
    // We know all single-entry PHI nodes in the inlined function have been
    // removed, so we just need to splice the blocks.
    BI->eraseFromParent();
 
    // Make all PHI nodes that referred to Dest now refer to I as their source.
    Dest->replaceAllUsesWith(&*I);
 
    // Move all the instructions in the succ to the pred.
    I->getInstList().splice(I->end(), Dest->getInstList());
 
    // Remove the dest block.
    Dest->eraseFromParent();
 
    // Do not increment I, iteratively merge all things this block branches to.
  }
 
  // Make a final pass over the basic blocks from the old function to gather
  // any return instructions which survived folding. We have to do this here
  // because we can iteratively remove and merge returns above.
  for (Function::iterator I = cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[StartingBB])->getIterator(),
                          E = NewFunc->end();
       I != E; ++I)
    if (ReturnInst *RI = dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(I->getTerminator()))
      Returns.push_back(RI);
}
 
/// This works exactly like CloneFunctionInto,
/// except that it does some simple constant prop and DCE on the fly.  The
/// effect of this is to copy significantly less code in cases where (for
/// example) a function call with constant arguments is inlined, and those
/// constant arguments cause a significant amount of code in the callee to be
/// dead.  Since this doesn't produce an exact copy of the input, it can't be
/// used for things like CloneFunction or CloneModule.
void llvm::CloneAndPruneFunctionInto(
    Function *NewFunc, const Function *OldFunc, ValueToValueMapTy &VMap,
    bool ModuleLevelChanges, SmallVectorImpl<ReturnInst *> &Returns,
    const char *NameSuffix, ClonedCodeInfo *CodeInfo) {
  CloneAndPruneIntoFromInst(NewFunc, OldFunc, &OldFunc->front().front(), VMap,
                            ModuleLevelChanges, Returns, NameSuffix, CodeInfo);
}
 
/// Remaps instructions in \p Blocks using the mapping in \p VMap.
void llvm::remapInstructionsInBlocks(
    const SmallVectorImpl<BasicBlock *> &Blocks, ValueToValueMapTy &VMap) {
  // Rewrite the code to refer to itself.
  for (auto *BB : Blocks)
    for (auto &Inst : *BB)
      RemapInstruction(&Inst, VMap,
                       RF_NoModuleLevelChanges | RF_IgnoreMissingLocals);
}
 
/// Clones a loop \p OrigLoop.  Returns the loop and the blocks in \p
/// Blocks.
///
/// Updates LoopInfo and DominatorTree assuming the loop is dominated by block
/// \p LoopDomBB.  Insert the new blocks before block specified in \p Before.
Loop *llvm::cloneLoopWithPreheader(BasicBlock *Before, BasicBlock *LoopDomBB,
                                   Loop *OrigLoop, ValueToValueMapTy &VMap,
                                   const Twine &NameSuffix, LoopInfo *LI,
                                   DominatorTree *DT,
                                   SmallVectorImpl<BasicBlock *> &Blocks) {
  Function *F = OrigLoop->getHeader()->getParent();
  Loop *ParentLoop = OrigLoop->getParentLoop();
  DenseMap<Loop *, Loop *> LMap;
 
  Loop *NewLoop = LI->AllocateLoop();
  LMap[OrigLoop] = NewLoop;
  if (ParentLoop)
    ParentLoop->addChildLoop(NewLoop);
  else
    LI->addTopLevelLoop(NewLoop);
 
  BasicBlock *OrigPH = OrigLoop->getLoopPreheader();
  assert(OrigPH && "No preheader");
  BasicBlock *NewPH = CloneBasicBlock(OrigPH, VMap, NameSuffix, F);
  // To rename the loop PHIs.
  VMap[OrigPH] = NewPH;
  Blocks.push_back(NewPH);
 
  // Update LoopInfo.
  if (ParentLoop)
    ParentLoop->addBasicBlockToLoop(NewPH, *LI);
 
  // Update DominatorTree.
  DT->addNewBlock(NewPH, LoopDomBB);
 
  for (Loop *CurLoop : OrigLoop->getLoopsInPreorder()) {
    Loop *&NewLoop = LMap[CurLoop];
    if (!NewLoop) {
      NewLoop = LI->AllocateLoop();
 
      // Establish the parent/child relationship.
      Loop *OrigParent = CurLoop->getParentLoop();
      assert(OrigParent && "Could not find the original parent loop");
      Loop *NewParentLoop = LMap[OrigParent];
      assert(NewParentLoop && "Could not find the new parent loop");
 
      NewParentLoop->addChildLoop(NewLoop);
    }
  }
 
  for (BasicBlock *BB : OrigLoop->getBlocks()) {
    Loop *CurLoop = LI->getLoopFor(BB);
    Loop *&NewLoop = LMap[CurLoop];
    assert(NewLoop && "Expecting new loop to be allocated");
 
    BasicBlock *NewBB = CloneBasicBlock(BB, VMap, NameSuffix, F);
    VMap[BB] = NewBB;
 
    // Update LoopInfo.
    NewLoop->addBasicBlockToLoop(NewBB, *LI);
 
    // Add DominatorTree node. After seeing all blocks, update to correct
    // IDom.
    DT->addNewBlock(NewBB, NewPH);
 
    Blocks.push_back(NewBB);
  }
 
  for (BasicBlock *BB : OrigLoop->getBlocks()) {
    // Update loop headers.
    Loop *CurLoop = LI->getLoopFor(BB);
    if (BB == CurLoop->getHeader())
      LMap[CurLoop]->moveToHeader(cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[BB]));
 
    // Update DominatorTree.
    BasicBlock *IDomBB = DT->getNode(BB)->getIDom()->getBlock();
    DT->changeImmediateDominator(cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[BB]),
                                 cast<BasicBlock>(VMap[IDomBB]));
  }
 
  // Move them physically from the end of the block list.
  F->getBasicBlockList().splice(Before->getIterator(), F->getBasicBlockList(),
                                NewPH);
  F->getBasicBlockList().splice(Before->getIterator(), F->getBasicBlockList(),
                                NewLoop->getHeader()->getIterator(), F->end());
 
  return NewLoop;
}
 
/// Duplicate non-Phi instructions from the beginning of block up to
/// StopAt instruction into a split block between BB and its predecessor.
BasicBlock *llvm::DuplicateInstructionsInSplitBetween(
    BasicBlock *BB, BasicBlock *PredBB, Instruction *StopAt,
    ValueToValueMapTy &ValueMapping, DomTreeUpdater &DTU) {
 
  assert(count(successors(PredBB), BB) == 1 &&
         "There must be a single edge between PredBB and BB!");
  // We are going to have to map operands from the original BB block to the new
  // copy of the block 'NewBB'.  If there are PHI nodes in BB, evaluate them to
  // account for entry from PredBB.
  BasicBlock::iterator BI = BB->begin();
  for (; PHINode *PN = dyn_cast<PHINode>(BI); ++BI)
    ValueMapping[PN] = PN->getIncomingValueForBlock(PredBB);
 
  BasicBlock *NewBB = SplitEdge(PredBB, BB);
  NewBB->setName(PredBB->getName() + ".split");
  Instruction *NewTerm = NewBB->getTerminator();
 
  // FIXME: SplitEdge does not yet take a DTU, so we include the split edge
  //        in the update set here.
  DTU.applyUpdates({{DominatorTree::Delete, PredBB, BB},
                    {DominatorTree::Insert, PredBB, NewBB},
                    {DominatorTree::Insert, NewBB, BB}});
 
  // Clone the non-phi instructions of BB into NewBB, keeping track of the
  // mapping and using it to remap operands in the cloned instructions.
  // Stop once we see the terminator too. This covers the case where BB's
  // terminator gets replaced and StopAt == BB's terminator.
  for (; StopAt != &*BI && BB->getTerminator() != &*BI; ++BI) {
    Instruction *New = BI->clone();
    New->setName(BI->getName());
    New->insertBefore(NewTerm);
    ValueMapping[&*BI] = New;
 
    // Remap operands to patch up intra-block references.
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = New->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i)
      if (Instruction *Inst = dyn_cast<Instruction>(New->getOperand(i))) {
        auto I = ValueMapping.find(Inst);
        if (I != ValueMapping.end())
          New->setOperand(i, I->second);
      }
  }
 
  return NewBB;
}
 
void llvm::cloneNoAliasScopes(ArrayRef<MDNode *> NoAliasDeclScopes,
                              DenseMap<MDNode *, MDNode *> &ClonedScopes,
                              StringRef Ext, LLVMContext &Context) {
  MDBuilder MDB(Context);
 
  for (auto *ScopeList : NoAliasDeclScopes) {
    for (auto &MDOperand : ScopeList->operands()) {
      if (MDNode *MD = dyn_cast<MDNode>(MDOperand)) {
        AliasScopeNode SNANode(MD);
 
        std::string Name;
        auto ScopeName = SNANode.getName();
        if (!ScopeName.empty())
          Name = (Twine(ScopeName) + ":" + Ext).str();
        else
          Name = std::string(Ext);
 
        MDNode *NewScope = MDB.createAnonymousAliasScope(
            const_cast<MDNode *>(SNANode.getDomain()), Name);
        ClonedScopes.insert(std::make_pair(MD, NewScope));
      }
    }
  }
}
 
void llvm::adaptNoAliasScopes(Instruction *I,
                              const DenseMap<MDNode *, MDNode *> &ClonedScopes,
                              LLVMContext &Context) {
  auto CloneScopeList = [&](const MDNode *ScopeList) -> MDNode * {
    bool NeedsReplacement = false;
    SmallVector<Metadata *, 8> NewScopeList;
    for (auto &MDOp : ScopeList->operands()) {
      if (MDNode *MD = dyn_cast<MDNode>(MDOp)) {
        if (auto *NewMD = ClonedScopes.lookup(MD)) {
          NewScopeList.push_back(NewMD);
          NeedsReplacement = true;
          continue;
        }
        NewScopeList.push_back(MD);
      }
    }
    if (NeedsReplacement)
      return MDNode::get(Context, NewScopeList);
    return nullptr;
  };
 
  if (auto *Decl = dyn_cast<NoAliasScopeDeclInst>(I))
    if (auto *NewScopeList = CloneScopeList(Decl->getScopeList()))
      Decl->setScopeList(NewScopeList);
 
  auto replaceWhenNeeded = [&](unsigned MD_ID) {
    if (const MDNode *CSNoAlias = I->getMetadata(MD_ID))
      if (auto *NewScopeList = CloneScopeList(CSNoAlias))
        I->setMetadata(MD_ID, NewScopeList);
  };
  replaceWhenNeeded(LLVMContext::MD_noalias);
  replaceWhenNeeded(LLVMContext::MD_alias_scope);
}
 
void llvm::cloneAndAdaptNoAliasScopes(ArrayRef<MDNode *> NoAliasDeclScopes,
                                      ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> NewBlocks,
                                      LLVMContext &Context, StringRef Ext) {
  if (NoAliasDeclScopes.empty())
    return;
 
  DenseMap<MDNode *, MDNode *> ClonedScopes;
  LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "cloneAndAdaptNoAliasScopes: cloning "
                    << NoAliasDeclScopes.size() << " node(s)\n");
 
  cloneNoAliasScopes(NoAliasDeclScopes, ClonedScopes, Ext, Context);
  // Identify instructions using metadata that needs adaptation
  for (BasicBlock *NewBlock : NewBlocks)
    for (Instruction &I : *NewBlock)
      adaptNoAliasScopes(&I, ClonedScopes, Context);
}
 
void llvm::cloneAndAdaptNoAliasScopes(ArrayRef<MDNode *> NoAliasDeclScopes,
                                      Instruction *IStart, Instruction *IEnd,
                                      LLVMContext &Context, StringRef Ext) {
  if (NoAliasDeclScopes.empty())
    return;
 
  DenseMap<MDNode *, MDNode *> ClonedScopes;
  LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "cloneAndAdaptNoAliasScopes: cloning "
                    << NoAliasDeclScopes.size() << " node(s)\n");
 
  cloneNoAliasScopes(NoAliasDeclScopes, ClonedScopes, Ext, Context);
  // Identify instructions using metadata that needs adaptation
  assert(IStart->getParent() == IEnd->getParent() && "different basic block ?");
  auto ItStart = IStart->getIterator();
  auto ItEnd = IEnd->getIterator();
  ++ItEnd; // IEnd is included, increment ItEnd to get the end of the range
  for (auto &I : llvm::make_range(ItStart, ItEnd))
    adaptNoAliasScopes(&I, ClonedScopes, Context);
}
 
void llvm::identifyNoAliasScopesToClone(
    ArrayRef<BasicBlock *> BBs, SmallVectorImpl<MDNode *> &NoAliasDeclScopes) {
  for (BasicBlock *BB : BBs)
    for (Instruction &I : *BB)
      if (auto *Decl = dyn_cast<NoAliasScopeDeclInst>(&I))
        NoAliasDeclScopes.push_back(Decl->getScopeList());
}
 
void llvm::identifyNoAliasScopesToClone(
    BasicBlock::iterator Start, BasicBlock::iterator End,
    SmallVectorImpl<MDNode *> &NoAliasDeclScopes) {
  for (Instruction &I : make_range(Start, End))
    if (auto *Decl = dyn_cast<NoAliasScopeDeclInst>(&I))
      NoAliasDeclScopes.push_back(Decl->getScopeList());
}